Philips Phonografische Industrie

N.V. Philips Phonografische Industrie (PPI) was a Dutch company, bundling all musical activities of Philips (recording, distribution and manufacturing). Established on September 28, 1950 in Baarn under the impulse of H.J.R.G. Hartong of the N.V. Philips. The record plating and pressing plant of the same name became operative in late 1951, also in Baarn, and operated under this name until 1962 when it was renamed to Phonodisc B.V. Unless countries already had own plants or cooperations, all Philips records were plated and pressed in Baarn. How to identify record pressings from Baarn: Matrix code 670 in the runout area means the lacquer was cut in Baarn. Format, channel and speed of a record can be identified by the following matrix characters (e.g. 1F/2F) after the side identifier: E stands for 7" 45 RPM EP Mono or Stereo. F stands for 7" 45 RPM Mono. L stands for 12" 33⅓ RPM Mono. M stands for 12" EP 45 RPM Stereo. R stands for 10" 33⅓ RPM Mono. T stands for 7" 33⅓ RPM Mono. W stands for 7" 45 RPM Stereo. Y stands for 12" Stereo (regardless the speed). History of the company: The first steps of N.V. Philips in the record industry came through its participation in Hollandsche Decca Distributie N.V., which operated a pressing plant first in Amsterdam and since 1949 in Doetinchem. In 1950 Philips combined its various music-related businesses, which by then included recording, manufacturing, export, distribution, research and development, into a subsidiary called Philips Phonografische Industrie (PPI). This subsidiary created the Philips label in 1950. The creation of PPI and centralization in Baarn meant the end for the plant in Doetinchem, which was turned into a Philips capacitor factory. Shortly after PPI was created, an alliance was formed with the Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, owned by Siemens AG. They manufactured each others records and abstained from stealing each others artists or from up-bidding against each other for new musical talents. In 1962, PPI and DGG then formed GPG: the Grammophon-Philips Group. A joint-venture where Philips took a 50% share in DGG, and Siemens a 50% share in PPI. Labels managed by the company: Philips, started in 1950 Fontana, started in the late 1950's Owner of the company 1950-1962 - Philips Gloeilampenfabriek N.V.